How import duty, rules of origin, payment and freight work when you buy from abroad.
How a trade agreement cuts your duty line by line, why the entry date decides your rate rather than the order date, and how to time a shipment around a start date. India examples.
How a container gets from an Asian factory to your port, why the quoted transit time slips, and how to name the port of loading. India lanes as the example.
How the HS works, the six classification rules in plain words, binding rulings, and why your supplier's code may not be yours, with one T-shirt in 5 tariffs.
Advance, deposit against the B/L, letters of credit, D/P, D/A, open account and escrow: who carries which risk, what the bank checks, and India's rules.
The eight-step method for the duty you will actually pay: HS code, base rate, FTA proof, stacked duties, valuation and VAT, worked with an Indian T-shirt.
What you must prove about the wood in furniture, decor and toys under EUDR, the Lacey Act, Australian illegal logging law, UKTR and NZ, told through a real Indian rosewood case.
Your origin proof arrived late or your broker missed the preference. The refund and post-entry routes in Australia, New Zealand, the UK, the US and the EU, the evidence, the deadlines, and why claims fail.
The three kinds of proof of origin, who signs each, who customs questions when it checks, and which one to use, with the UK, Australia, NZ and EU as examples.
How a product earns FTA origin: tariff shift, value content, tolerance, accumulation and the steps that never count. Worked with an Indian T-shirt and table.
Low-value import thresholds, who collects the VAT or GST, and what happens above the line in AU, NZ, UK, EU, US and UAE, plus the courier-as-importer trap.
What the ISPM 15 mark means, which wood is exempt, what happens at the border without it, the stricter Australian rules, and what to write in your PO.
